Development status of domestic construction machinery and equipment leasing industry

For a long time, the current mechanical equipment of the construction site is subordinate to the construction enterprise, and the purpose is to serve the construction of the enterprise, which leads to the situation of low utilization rate of mechanical equipment and poor investment effect. At the same time, the machinery and equipment purchased by various enterprises are almost similar, and the repeated investment is serious, resulting in a serious backlog of social assets. Serious aging of machinery and equipment, a large amount of idle equipment has become a heavy burden for construction enterprises, limiting the development and progress of machinery and equipment. After the establishment of the socialist market economy system, we must pay attention to the investment efficiency of equipment. In order to socialize construction machinery, it is necessary to establish a social rental market for machinery and equipment as soon as possible, so as to revitalize the fixed assets of machinery and equipment, reflect the effect of investment, improve the utilization rate of machinery and equipment, and achieve the purpose of machinery replacement. The establishment of a social rental market for machinery and equipment can improve the level of management, use, repair and maintenance of machinery and equipment, help reduce consumption, save manpower, material and financial resources; It is beneficial to carry out technical training and international exchanges, and improve their own quality.

However, due to the influence of many factors, the development of machinery and equipment leasing industry has been seriously restricted.

(1) The macro-management of the leasing industry lacks a unified centralized department.

At present, the leasing industry is managed by the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation, the People's Bank of China, the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and other departments, the power is dispersed, the responsibility is unclear, easy to produce mutual friction, mutual prevarication phenomenon, it is difficult to coordinate and unify in policy, so that the leasing industry management in China falls into a nominal "vacuum zone". On the contrary, China's leasing industry has not yet had a close contact with the competent government departments, the leasing company's business management and information to coordinate, guide, communication, service leasing industry association.

(2) Lack of leasing laws and regulations to protect the normal development of the leasing industry, resulting in the leasing industry in a long-term "can not follow, no rules to follow" environment.

At present, our country does not have a systematic leasing law aimed at protecting the legitimate rights and interests of leasing parties. There are only some simple provisions in the Economic Contract Law, the General Principles of the Civil Law, the relevant documents of the Ministry of Finance and the interim measures for financial leasing formulated by professional banks, which are far from meeting the real needs of the leasing industry. The leasing industry can not rely on, the parties to the lease contract do not have a unified code of conduct, the legitimate rights and interests of the lease contract can not be effectively protected. In the project bidding and credit review, the legitimacy of the leasing industry has not been protected, which seriously hinders the normal operation and healthy development of the leasing industry in China.

(3) Lack of financial and tax policies to support the development of the leasing industry.

In order to support the development of leasing business, most foreign countries implement financial and tax preferential policies. However, China regards lease financing as a loan for a long time, and regards it as a general commercial behavior in terms of taxation. Generally, banks do not accept mortgage loans and bank credit guarantees of the leasing industry, and the insurance industry does not participate in the insurance work of the leasing industry, which has become an obstacle to the normal development of the leasing market.

(4) At present, the types of leasing business are relatively simple, basically limited to general import financial leasing and part-owned physical leasing.

In the financial lease such as leaseback, export lease and other business is almost not carried out. In the business of physical leasing, the business of renting for sale is seldom carried out. There are many reasons leading to the single form of leasing, such as the bondage of state-owned assets management system, the incompatibility of seller's credit and credit insurance, the credibility of leasing media and the fear of risk in the state-owned economy. It is obvious that the phenomenon of manufacturers only selling but not renting has an obvious gap with similar foreign enterprises. These reasons inhibit the development of diversified leasing forms in our country.

(5) Rent arrears are very serious, resulting in difficulties in the capital turnover of the leasing company.

According to relevant data, as of the end of 1994, 17 of the Sino-foreign joint venture leasing companies were owed rent amounting to 600 million US dollars. The huge rent arrears put the leasing companies into serious operational difficulties. With the establishment and gradual improvement of China's market economic system, it is believed that China's leasing industry, as a new industry, will be able to shoulder the historical responsibility and continue to develop and grow.